Spring讀取配置XML文件分三步:
一.新建一個Java Bean:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
|
package springdemo; public class HelloBean { private String helloWorld; public String getHelloWorld() { return helloWorld; } public void setHelloWorld(String helloWorld) { this.helloWorld = helloWorld; } } |
二.構(gòu)建一個配置文件bean_config.xml:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
|
<? xml version = "1.0" encoding = "UTF-8" ?> <!DOCTYPE beans PUBLIC "-//SPRING//DTD BEAN//EN" "http://www.springframework.org/dtd/spring-beans.dtd" > < beans > < bean id = "helloBean" class = "springdemo.HelloBean" > < property name = "helloWorld" > < value >Hello!chb!</ value > </ property > </ bean > </ beans > |
三.讀取配置文件:
1.利用ClassPathXmlApplicationContext:
1
2
3
4
|
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "bean_config.xml" ); //這種用法不夠靈活,不建議使用。 HelloBean helloBean = (HelloBean)context.getBean( "helloBean" ); System.out.println(helloBean.getHelloWorld()); |
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext實(shí)現(xiàn)了接口ApplicationContext,ApplicationContext實(shí)現(xiàn)了BeanFactory。其通過jdom進(jìn)行XML配置文件的讀取,并構(gòu)建實(shí)例化Bean,放入容器內(nèi)。
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
|
public interface BeanFactory { public Object getBean(String id); } //實(shí)現(xiàn)類ClassPathXmlApplicationContext import java.lang.reflect.Method; import java.util.HashMap; import java.util.List; import java.util.Map; import org.jdom.Document; import org.jdom.Element; import org.jdom.input.SAXBuilder; public class ClassPathXmlApplicationContext implements BeanFactory { private Map<String , Object> beans = new HashMap<String, Object>(); //(IOC:Inverse of Control/DI:Dependency Injection) public ClassPathXmlApplicationContext() throws Exception { SAXBuilder sb= new SAXBuilder(); Document doc=sb.build( this .getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream( "beans.xml" )); //構(gòu)造文檔對象 Element root=doc.getRootElement(); //獲取根元素HD List list=root.getChildren( "bean" ); //取名字為disk的所有元素 for ( int i= 0 ;i<list.size();i++){ Element element=(Element)list.get(i); String id=element.getAttributeValue( "id" ); String clazz=element.getAttributeValue( "class" ); Object o = Class.forName(clazz).newInstance(); System.out.println(id); System.out.println(clazz); beans.put(id, o); for (Element propertyElement : (List<Element>)element.getChildren( "property" )) { String name = propertyElement.getAttributeValue( "name" ); //userDAO String bean = propertyElement.getAttributeValue( "bean" ); //u Object beanObject = beans.get(bean); //UserDAOImpl instance String methodName = "set" + name.substring( 0 , 1 ).toUpperCase() + name.substring( 1 ); System.out.println( "method name = " + methodName); Method m = o.getClass().getMethod(methodName, beanObject.getClass().getInterfaces()[ 0 ]); m.invoke(o, beanObject); } } } public Object getBean(String id) { return beans.get(id); } } |
BeanFactory是一個很根的接口,ApplicationContext和ClassPathXmlApplicationContext都實(shí)現(xiàn)了接口BeanFactory,所以也可以這么寫:
1
2
3
4
5
|
ApplicationContext context = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "bean_config.xml" ); HelloBean helloBean = (HelloBean)context.getBean( "helloBean" ); BeanFactory factory= new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext( "bean_config.xml" ); HelloBean helloBean = (HelloBean)factory.getBean( "helloBean" ); |
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext層級關(guān)系如下:
2.利用FileSystemResource讀取
1
2
3
4
|
Resource rs = new FileSystemResource( "D:/software/tomcat/webapps/springWebDemo/WEB-INF/classes/bean_config.xml" ); BeanFactory factory = new XmlBeanFactory(rs); HelloBean helloBean = (HelloBean)factory.getBean( "helloBean" ); System.out.println(helloBean.getHelloWorld()); |
注意:利用FileSystemResource,則配置文件必須放在project直接目錄下,或者寫明絕對路徑,否則就會拋出找不到文件的異常。
Spring讀取properties配置文件
介紹兩種技術(shù):利用spring讀取properties 文件和利用java.util.Properties讀取:
一.利用spring讀取properties 文件
還利用上面的HelloBean.java文件,構(gòu)造如下bean_config.properties文件:
1
2
|
helloBean. class =springdemo.HelloBean helloBean.helloWorld=Hello!HelloWorld! |
屬性文件中的"helloBean"名稱即是Bean的別名設(shè)定,.class用于指定類來源。
然后利用org.springframework.beans.factory.support.PropertiesBeanDefinitionReader來讀取屬性文件。
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
BeanDefinitionRegistry reg = new DefaultListableBeanFactory(); PropertiesBeanDefinitionReader reader = new PropertiesBeanDefinitionReader(reg); reader.loadBeanDefinitions( new ClassPathResource( "bean_config.properties" )); BeanFactory factory = (BeanFactory)reg; HelloBean helloBean = (HelloBean)factory.getBean( "helloBean" ); System.out.println(helloBean.getHelloWorld()); |
二.利用java.util.Properties讀取屬性文件
比如,我們構(gòu)造一個ip_config.properties來保存服務(wù)器ip地址和端口,如:
ip=192.168.0.1
port=8080
我們可以用如下程序來獲得服務(wù)器配置信息:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
|
InputStream inputStream = this .getClass().getClassLoader().getResourceAsStream( "ip_config.properties" ); Properties p = new Properties(); try { p.load(inputStream); } catch (IOException e1) { e1.printStackTrace(); } System.out.println( "ip:" +p.getProperty( "ip" )+ ",port:" +p.getProperty( "port" )); |
三.用接口類WebApplicationContext來取。
1
2
3
4
|
private WebApplicationContext wac; wac =WebApplicationContextUtils.getRequiredWebApplicationContext( this .getServletContext()); wac = WebApplicationContextUtils.getWebApplicationContext( this .getServletContext()); JdbcTemplate jdbcTemplate = (JdbcTemplate)ctx.getBean( "jdbcTemplate" ); |
其中,jdbcTemplate為spring配置文件中的一個bean的id值。
這種用法比較靈活,spring配置文件在web中配置啟動后,該類會自動去找對應(yīng)的bean,而不用再去指定配置文件的具體位置。
以上就是本文的全部內(nèi)容,希望對大家的學(xué)習(xí)有所幫助,也希望大家多多支持服務(wù)器之家。
原文鏈接:http://www.cnblogs.com/jing99/p/6395981.html