安裝路徑：/application/mysql-5.7.18
1.前期準備
mysql依賴
|
1
2
|
libaioyum install -y libaio |
創建用戶mysql，以該用戶的身份執行mysql
|
1
|
useradd -s /bin/false -M mysql |
下載mysql二進制包并解壓
|
1
2
3
|
cd /toolswget https://dev.mysql.com/get/Downloads/MySQL-5.7/mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gztar -zxf mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64.tar.gz -C /application/ |
切換到/application目錄，將mysql文件夾名改短,給mysql目錄做一個軟鏈接
|
1
2
3
|
cd /application/mv mysql-5.7.18-linux-glibc2.5-x86_64/ mysql-5.7.18ln -s mysql-5.7.18/ mysql |
在mysql目錄下創建mysql-files，該文件夾權限為750，遞歸設置mysql目錄的所屬組和所屬用戶
|
1
2
3
|
mkdir mysql/mysql-fileschmod 750 mysql/mysql-fileschown -R mysql:mysql mysql-5.7.18/ |
2.mysql目錄內操作
|
1
|
cd mysql |
初始化數據庫
會在mysql目錄內生成一個data目錄，存放數據庫的目錄
|
1
|
bin/mysqld --initialize --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data |
返回結果最后一行的末尾有隨機密碼，我的記下來：wa0I:1w?V--a
|
1
|
2017-04-28T02:49:00.853710Z 1 [Note] A temporary password is generated for root@localhost: wa0I:1w?V--a |
想設置默認密碼為空則將--initialize選項替換為--initialize-insecure選項
|
1
|
bin/mysqld --initialize-insecure --user=mysql --basedir=/application/mysql --datadir=/application/mysql/data |
安裝ssl
|
1
|
bin/mysql_ssl_rsa_setup --datadir /application/mysql/data/ |
指定data目錄的路徑
更改所屬用戶和組
|
1
2
|
chown -R root .chown -R mysql data mysql-files |
除了mysql目錄下的data目錄和mysql-files目錄所屬用戶不變，其他所有文件的所屬用戶改為root
修改配置文件
|
1
2
3
4
|
sed -i 's/^datadir=\/var\/lib\/mysql/datadir=\/application\/mysql\/data/g' /etc/my.cnfsed -i 's/^socket=\/var\/lib\/mysql\/mysql.sock/socket=\/tmp\/mysql.sock/g' /etc/my.cnfsed -i 's/^log-error=\/var\/log\/mariadb\/mariadb.log/log-error=\/application\/mysql\/data\/err.log/g' /etc/my.cnfsed -i 's/^pid-file=\/var\/run\/mariadb\/mariadb.pid/pid-file=\/application\/mysql\/data\/mysql.pid/g' /etc/my.cnf |
等價于:
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
|
vi /etc/my.cnfdatadir=/application/mysql/datasocket=/tmp/mysql.socklog-error=/application/mysql/data/err.logpid-file=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid/etc/my.cnf Content:[mysqld]datadir=/application/mysql/datasocket=/tmp/mysql.sock# Disabling symbolic-links is recommended to prevent assorted security riskssymbolic-links=0# Settings user and group are ignored when systemd is used.# If you need to run mysqld under a different user or group,# customize your systemd unit file for mariadb according to the# instructions in http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd[mysqld_safe]log-error=/application/mysql/data/err.logpid-file=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid## include all files from the config directory#!includedir /etc/my.cnf.d |
拷貝啟動程序
|
1
|
cp support-files/mysql.server /etc/init.d/mysql |
將mysql的啟動程序拷貝到/etc/init.d/目錄下，以便啟動程序
編輯啟動文件，配置啟動目錄
方法一：
思路是給配置文件提供的變量進行賦值。較麻煩。
|
1
2
3
|
sed -i 's/^basedir=/basedir=\/application\/mysql/g' /etc/init.d/mysqlsed -i 's/^datadir=/datadir=\/application\/mysql\/data/g' /etc/init.d/mysqlsed -i 's/^mysqld_pid_file_path=/mysqld_pid_file_path=\/application\/mysql\/data\/mysql.pid/g' /etc/init.d/mysql |
等價于將45、46兩行
|
1
2
3
|
basedir=datadir=mysqld_pid_file_path= |
替換成
|
1
2
3
|
basedir=/application/mysqldatadir=/application/mysql/datamysqld_pid_file_path=/application/mysql/data/mysql.pid |
方法二（推薦）：
思路是將腳本的默認地址（/usr/local/mysql）直接替換成自定義路徑（/application/mysql），便不用給變量賦值
|
1
|
sed -i 's#/usr/local/mysql#/application/mysql#g' /etc/init.d/mysql |
到這里mysql安裝完成可以正常啟動
3.后期結尾
命令創建軟鏈接
將mysql命令創建軟鏈接到環境變量的目錄，使用戶可以在變量找到相應的命令
|
1
|
ln -s /application/mysql/bin/* /usr/local/sbin |
登錄mysql
|
1
|
[root@www mysql]# mysql -u root -p |
Enter password: #輸入之前保存的隨機密碼drRR0
...
mysql> #成功登陸到mysql控制臺
修改密碼sql語句
|
1
|
mysql> alter user 'root'@'localhost' identified by 'NewPassWord'; |
#將密碼修改為NewPassWord
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec) #修改成功
鍵入quit或Ctrl + d退出
|
1
2
3
4
5
6
|
mysql> quitBye[root@www mysql]#ormysql> ^DBye[root@www mysql]# |
4.常用命令
進入mysql
|
1
|
mysql -u root -p |
啟動mysql
|
1
|
service mysql start |
停止mysql
|
1
|
service mysql stop |
重啟mysql
|
1
|
service mysql restart |
以上所述是小編給大家介紹的Mysql5.7.18版本（二進制包安裝）自定義安裝路徑教程詳解，希望對大家有所幫助，如果大家有任何疑問請給我留言，小編會及時回復大家的。在此也非常感謝大家對服務器之家網站的支持！
原文鏈接：http://www.2cto.com/database/201707/654706.html
