1.基本的讀取配置文件
-read(filename) 直接讀取ini文件內(nèi)容
-sections() 得到所有的section,并以列表的形式返回
-options(section) 得到該section的所有option
-items(section) 得到該section的所有鍵值對
-get(section,option) 得到section中option的值,返回為string類型
-getint(section,option) 得到section中option的值,返回為int類型,還有相應(yīng)的getboolean()和getfloat() 函數(shù)。
2.基本的寫入配置文件
-add_section(section) 添加一個新的section
-set( section, option, value) 對section中的option進行設(shè)置,需要調(diào)用write將內(nèi)容寫入配置文件。
3.基本例子
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test.conf [sec_a] a_key1 = 20 a_key2 = 10 [sec_b] b_key1 = 121 b_key2 = b_value2 b_key3 = $r b_key4 = 127.0 . 0.1 |
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parse_test_conf.py import ConfigParser cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser() #read config cf.read( "test.conf" ) # return all section secs = cf.sections() print 'sections:' , secs opts = cf.options( "sec_a" ) print 'options:' , opts kvs = cf.items( "sec_a" ) print 'sec_a:' , kvs #read by type str_val = cf.get( "sec_a" , "a_key1" ) int_val = cf.getint( "sec_a" , "a_key2" ) print "value for sec_a's a_key1:" , str_val print "value for sec_a's a_key2:" , int_val #write config #update value cf. set ( "sec_b" , "b_key3" , "new-$r" ) #set a new value cf. set ( "sec_b" , "b_newkey" , "new-value" ) #create a new section cf.add_section( 'a_new_section' ) cf. set ( 'a_new_section' , 'new_key' , 'new_value' ) #write back to configure file cf.write( open ( "test.conf" , "w" )) |
得到終端輸出:
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sections: [ 'sec_b' , 'sec_a' ] options: [ 'a_key1' , 'a_key2' ] sec_a: [( 'a_key1' , "i'm value" ), ('a_key2 ', ' 22 ')] value for sec_a 's a_key1: i' m value value for sec_a's a_key2: 22 |
更新后的test.conf
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[sec_b] b_newkey = new - value b_key4 = 127.0 . 0.1 b_key1 = 121 b_key2 = b_value2 b_key3 = new - $r [sec_a] a_key1 = i'm value a_key2 = 22 [a_new_section] new_key = new_value |
4.Python的ConfigParser Module中定義了3個類對INI文件進行操作。分別是RawConfigParser、ConfigParser、SafeConfigParser。RawCnfigParser是最基礎(chǔ)的INI文件讀取類,ConfigParser、SafeConfigParser支持對%(value)s變量的解析。
設(shè)定配置文件test2.conf
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[portal] url = http: / / % (host)s: % (port)s / Portal host = localhost port = 8080 |
使用RawConfigParser:
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import ConfigParser cf = ConfigParser.RawConfigParser() print "use RawConfigParser() read" cf.read( "test2.conf" ) print cf.get( "portal" , "url" ) print "use RawConfigParser() write" cf. set ( "portal" , "url2" , "%(host)s:%(port)s" ) print cf.get( "portal" , "url2" ) |
得到終端輸出:
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use RawConfigParser() read http: / / % (host)s: % (port)s / Portal use RawConfigParser() write % (host)s: % (port)s |
改用ConfigParser:
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import ConfigParser cf = ConfigParser.ConfigParser() print "use ConfigParser() read" cf.read( "test2.conf" ) print cf.get( "portal" , "url" ) print "use ConfigParser() write" cf. set ( "portal" , "url2" , "%(host)s:%(port)s" ) print cf.get( "portal" , "url2" ) |
得到終端輸出:
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use ConfigParser() read http: / / localhost: 8080 / Portal use ConfigParser() write localhost: 8080 |
改用SafeConfigParser:
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import ConfigParser cf = ConfigParser.SafeConfigParser() print "use SafeConfigParser() read" cf.read( "test2.conf" ) print cf.get( "portal" , "url" ) print "use SateConfigParser() write" cf. set ( "portal" , "url2" , "%(host)s:%(port)s" ) print cf.get( "portal" , "url2" ) |
得到終端輸出(效果同ConfigParser):
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use SafeConfigParser() read http: / / localhost: 8080 / Portal use SateConfigParser() write localhost: 8080 |