數據庫查詢
利用Connection對象的createStatement方法建立Statement對象,利用Statement對象的executeQuery()方法執行SQL查詢語句進行查詢,返回結果集,再形如getXXX()的方法從結果集中讀取數據。經過這樣的一系列步驟就能實現對數據庫的查詢。
【例】Java應用程序訪問數據庫。應用程序打開考生信息表ksInfo,從中取出考生的各項信息。設考生信息數據庫的結構如下:
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
11
12
13
14
15
16
17
18
19
20
21
22
23
24
25
26
27
28
29
30
31
32
33
34
35
36
37
38
39
40
41
42
43
44
45
46
47
48
49
50
51
52
53
54
55
56
57
58
59
60
61
62
63
64
65
66
67
68
69
70
71
72
73
74
75
76
77
78
79
80
81
82
83
84
85
86
87
88
89
90
91
92
93
94
95
96
97
98
99
100
101
102
103
104
105
106
107
108
109
110
111
112
113
114
115
116
117
118
119
120
121
122
123
124
125
126
127
128
129
130
131
132
133
134
135
136
137
138
139
140
141
142
143
144
145
146
147
148
149
150
151
152
153
154
155
156
|
import java.awt.*; import java.awt.event.*; import javax.swing.*; import java.util.*; import java.sql.*; public class Example10_9 extends JFrame implements ActionListener{ public static Connection connectByJdbcodbc(String url, String username,String password){ Connection con = null ; try { Class.forName( "sun.jdbc.odbc.JdbcOdbcDriver" ); //加載ODBC驅動程序 } catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); return null ; //加載失敗,連接不成功 } try { con = DriverManager.getConnection(url, username, password); } catch (SQLException e){ e.printStackTrace(); return null ; //連接失敗 } return con; //連接成功 } String title[] ={ "考號" , "姓名" , "成績" , "地址" , "簡歷" }; JTextField txtNo = new JTextField( 8 ); JTextField txtName = new JTextField( 10 ); JTextField txtScore = new JTextField( 3 ); JTextField txtAddr = new JTextField( 30 ); JTextArea txtresume = new JTextArea(); JButton prev = new JButton( "前一個" ); JButton next = new JButton( "后一個" ); JButton first = new JButton( "第一個" ); JButton last = new JButton( "最后一個" ); Statement sql; //SQL語句對象 ResultSet rs; //存放查詢結果對象 Example10_9(Connection connect){ super ( "考生信息查看窗口" ); setSize( 450 , 350 ); try { sql = connect.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY); rs = sql.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM ksInfo" ); Container con = getContentPane(); con.setLayout( new BorderLayout( 0 , 6 ); JPanel p[] = new JPanel[ 4 ]; for ( int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++){ p[i] = new JPane( new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 8 , 0 )); p[i].add( new JLabel(title[i])); } p[ 0 ].add(txtNo); p[ 1 ].add(txtName); p[ 2 ].add(txtScore); p[ 3 ].add(txtAddr); JPanel p1 = new JPane( new GridLayout94, 1 , 0 , 8 )); JScrollPane jsp = new JScrollPane(txtResume, JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS, JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER); jsp.setPreforredSize( new Dimension( 300 , 60 ); for ( int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++){ p1.add(p[i]); } JPanel p2 = new JPanel( new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 10 , 0 ); p2.add( new JLabel(title[ 4 ])); p2.add(jsp); Jpanel p3 = new Jpanel(); p3.add(prev); p3.add(next); p3.add(first); p3.add(last); prev.addActionListener( this ); next.addActionListener( this ); first.addActionListener( this ); last.addActionlistener( this ); rs.first(); readRecord(); } catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(): } setVisible(ture); } public void modifyRecord(Connection connect){ String stuNo = (String)JOptionPane.showInputDialog( null , "請輸入考生考號" , "輸入考號對話框" , JOptionPane.PLAIN_MESSAGE, null , null , "" ); try { sql = connect.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_READ_ONLY); rs = sql.executeQuery( "SELECT * FROM ksInfo" ); Container con = getContentPane(); con.setLayout( new Boarderlayout( 0 , 6 )); Jpanel p[] = new JPanel[ 4 ]; for ( int i = 0 ; i < ; i++){ p[i] = new JPane( new FlowLayout(flowLayout.LEFT, 8 , 0 )); p[i].add( new JLabel(title[i])); } p[ 0 ].add(txtNo); p[ 1 ].add(txtName); p[ 2 ].add(txtScore); p[ 3 ].add(txtAddr); Jpanel p1 = new Jpane( new GridLayout( 4 , 1 , 0 , 8 )); JScrollPane jsp = new JScrollPane(txtResume, JScrollPane.VERTICAL_SCROLLBAR_ALWAYS, JScrollPane.HORIZONTAL_SCROLLBAR_NEVER); jsp.setPreferredSize ( new dimension( 300 , 60 )); for ( int i = 0 ; i < 4 ; i++){ p1.add(p[i]); } Jpanel p2 = new JPanel( new FlowLayout(FlowLayout.LEFT, 10 , 0 )); p2.add( new JLableI(title[ 4 ])); p2.add(jsp); JPanel p3 = new JPanel(); p3.add(prev); p3.add(next); p3.add(first); p3.add(last); prev.addActionListener( this ); next.addActionListener( this ); first.addActionListenerIthis); last.addActionListener( this ); rs.first(); readRecord(); } catch (Exception e){ e.printStackTrace(); } setVisible( true ); } boolean readRecord(){ try { txtNo.setText(rs.getString( "考號" )); txtName.setText(rs.getString( "姓名" )); txtScore.setText(rs.getString( "成績" )); txtAddr.setText(rs.getString( "地址" )); txtResume.setText(rs.getString( "簡歷" )); } catch (SQLException e){ e.printStackTrace(); return false ; } return true ; } public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent e){ try { if (e.getSource() == prev)rs.previous(); else if (e.getSource() == next)rs.next(); else if (e.getSource() == first)rs.first(); else if (e.getSource() == last)rs.last(); readRecord(); } catch (Exception e2){} } public static void main(String args[]){ connection connect = null ; JFrame .setDefaultLookAndFeeDecorated( true ); Font font = new Font( "JFrame" , Font.PLAIN, 14 ); if ((connect =connectByJdbcOdbc( "jdbc:odbc:redsun" , "xia" , "1234" )) == null ){ JOptionPane.showMessageDialog( null , "數據庫連接失敗!" ); System.exit ( - 1 ); } new Example10_9(connect); //創建對象 } } |
Java數據庫更新
數據庫更新操作包括數據表創建、刪除、以及數據表記錄的增加、刪除、修改等操作。如果利用數據 SQL命令實現,則利用Statement對旬的executeUpdate()方法,執行SQL的update語句,實現數據表的修改;執行SQL的insert語句,實現數據表記錄的添加。
例如,在前面數據為查詢例子基礎上,再增加對數據表的修改和插入。限于篇幅,不再給出完整程序,只給出實現修改和插入的方法。程序可再增設插入、,,除保存按鈕,通過已有的瀏覽,定位到數據表的特定位置,對癰疽記錄進行編輯修改,或插入,或刪除,然后按保存按鈕,完成修改后的數據表保存。
下面用代碼說明數據表更新的方法。與數據表連接時,需指定獲得的ResultSet 對象是可更新的。
1
|
stmt = connect.createStatement(ResultSet.TYPE_SCROLL_INSENSITIVE,ResultSet.CONCUR_UPDATABLE); |