本文實例講述了java讀取wav文件（波形文件）并繪制波形圖的方法。分享給大家供大家參考。具體如下：
因為最近有不少網友詢問我波形文件讀寫方面的問題，出于讓大家更方便以及讓代碼能夠得到更好的改進，我將這部分（波形文件的讀寫）代碼開源在GitHub上面。
地址為https://github.com/sintrb/WaveAccess/，最新的代碼、例子、文檔都在那上面，我會在我時間精力允許的前提下對該項目進行維護，同時也希望對這方面有興趣的網友能夠加入到該開源項目上。
以下內容基本都過期了，你可以直接去GitHub上面閱讀、下載該項目。
因項目需要讀取.wav文件（波形文件）并繪制波形圖，因此簡單的做了這方面的封裝。
其實主要是對wav文件讀取的封裝，下面是一個wav文件讀取器的封裝：
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// filename: WaveFileReader.java // RobinTang // 2012-08-23 import java.io.*; public class WaveFileReader { private String filename = null; private int[][] data = null; private int len = 0; private String chunkdescriptor = null; static private int lenchunkdescriptor = 4; private long chunksize = 0; static private int lenchunksize = 4; private String waveflag = null; static private int lenwaveflag = 4; private String fmtubchunk = null; static private int lenfmtubchunk = 4; private long subchunk1size = 0; static private int lensubchunk1size = 4; private int audioformat = 0; static private int lenaudioformat = 2; private int numchannels = 0; static private int lennumchannels = 2; private long samplerate = 0; static private int lensamplerate = 2; private long byterate = 0; static private int lenbyterate = 4; private int blockalign = 0; static private int lenblockling = 2; private int bitspersample = 0; static private int lenbitspersample = 2; private String datasubchunk = null; static private int lendatasubchunk = 4; private long subchunk2size = 0; static private int lensubchunk2size = 4; private FileInputStream fis = null; private BufferedInputStream bis = null; private boolean issuccess = false; public WaveFileReader(String filename) { this.initReader(filename); } // 判斷是否創建wav讀取器成功 public boolean isSuccess() { return issuccess; } // 獲取每個采樣的編碼長度，8bit或者16bit public int getBitPerSample(){ return this.bitspersample; } // 獲取采樣率 public long getSampleRate(){ return this.samplerate; } // 獲取聲道個數，1代表單聲道 2代表立體聲 public int getNumChannels(){ return this.numchannels; } // 獲取數據長度，也就是一共采樣多少個 public int getDataLen(){ return this.len; } // 獲取數據 // 數據是一個二維數組，[n][m]代表第n個聲道的第m個采樣值 public int[][] getData(){ return this.data; } private void initReader(String filename){ this.filename = filename; try { fis = new FileInputStream(this.filename); bis = new BufferedInputStream(fis); this.chunkdescriptor = readString(lenchunkdescriptor); if(!chunkdescriptor.endsWith("RIFF")) throw new IllegalArgumentException("RIFF miss, " + filename + " is not a wave file."); this.chunksize = readLong(); this.waveflag = readString(lenwaveflag); if(!waveflag.endsWith("WAVE")) throw new IllegalArgumentException("WAVE miss, " + filename + " is not a wave file."); this.fmtubchunk = readString(lenfmtubchunk); if(!fmtubchunk.endsWith("fmt ")) throw new IllegalArgumentException("fmt miss, " + filename + " is not a wave file."); this.subchunk1size = readLong(); this.audioformat = readInt(); this.numchannels = readInt(); this.samplerate = readLong(); this.byterate = readLong(); this.blockalign = readInt(); this.bitspersample = readInt(); this.datasubchunk = readString(lendatasubchunk); if(!datasubchunk.endsWith("data")) throw new IllegalArgumentException("data miss, " + filename + " is not a wave file."); this.subchunk2size = readLong(); this.len = (int)(this.subchunk2size/(this.bitspersample/8)/this.numchannels); this.data = new int[this.numchannels][this.len]; for(int i=0; i<this.len; ++i){ for(int n=0; n<this.numchannels; ++n){ if(this.bitspersample == 8){ this.data[n][i] = bis.read(); } else if(this.bitspersample == 16){ this.data[n][i] = this.readInt(); } } } issuccess = true; } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); } finally{ try{ if(bis != null) bis.close(); if(fis != null) fis.close(); } catch(Exception e1){ e1.printStackTrace(); } } } private String readString(int len){ byte[] buf = new byte[len]; try { if(bis.read(buf)!=len) throw new IOException("no more data!!!"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return new String(buf); } private int readInt(){ byte[] buf = new byte[2]; int res = 0; try { if(bis.read(buf)!=2) throw new IOException("no more data!!!"); res = (buf[0]&0x000000FF) | (((int)buf[1])<<8); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return res; } private long readLong(){ long res = 0; try { long[] l = new long[4]; for(int i=0; i<4; ++i){ l[i] = bis.read(); if(l[i]==-1){ throw new IOException("no more data!!!"); } } res = l[0] | (l[1]<<8) | (l[2]<<16) | (l[3]<<24); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return res; } private byte[] readBytes(int len){ byte[] buf = new byte[len]; try { if(bis.read(buf)!=len) throw new IOException("no more data!!!"); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); } return buf; } } |
為了繪制波形，因此做了一個從JPanel教程而來的波形繪制面板：
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// filename: DrawPanel.java // RobinTang // 2012-08-23 import java.awt.Color; import java.awt.Graphics; import javax.swing.JPanel; @SuppressWarnings("serial") public class DrawPanel extends JPanel { private int[] data = null; public DrawPanel(int[] data) { this.data = data; } @Override protected void paintComponent(Graphics g) { int ww = getWidth(); int hh = getHeight(); g.setColor(Color.WHITE); g.fillRect(0, 0, ww, hh); int len = data.length; int step = len/ww; if(step==0) step = 1; int prex = 0, prey = 0; //上一個坐標 int x = 0, y = 0; g.setColor(Color.RED); double k = hh/2.0/32768.0; for(int i=0; i<ww; ++i){ x = i; // 下面是個三點取出并繪制 // 實際中應該按照采樣率來設置間隔 y = hh-(int)(data[i*3]*k+hh/2); System.out.print(y); System.out.print(" "); if(i!=0){ g.drawLine(x, y, prex, prey); } prex = x; prey = y; } } } |
有了這些之后就可以調用繪制了，簡單的：
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// WaveFileReadDemo.java // RobinTang // 2012-08-23 import javax.swing.JFrame; public class WaveFileReadDemo { /** * @param args */ public static void main(String[] args) { // TODO Auto-generated method stub String filename = "file.wav"; JFrame frame = new JFrame(); WaveFileReader reader = new WaveFileReader(filename); if(reader.isSuccess()){ int[] data = reader.getData()[0]; //獲取第一聲道 DrawPanel drawPanel = new DrawPanel(data); // 創建一個繪制波形的面板 frame.add(drawPanel); frame.setTitle(filename); frame.setSize(800, 400); frame.setLocationRelativeTo(null); frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE); frame.setVisible(true); } else{ System.err.println(filename + "不是一個正常的wav文件"); } } } |
工程的源代碼可以在我的百度網盤上找到，直接到開源JAVA
放上效果圖一張：
希望本文所述對大家的java程序設計有所幫助。
