最近用sysbench進行了較多的性能測試，也總結一下它的特點和用法和需要注意的事項。sysbench是一個多線程性能測試工具，可以進行CPU/內存/IO/數據庫等性能測試。不過我絕大多數的時候都是用它來對數據庫(MySQL)進行oltp測試。它能測哪些東西，怎么測讓我從它的命令幫助來回答。 
~/zbs$ sysbench --help 
Missing required command argument. 
Usage: 
sysbench [general-options]... --test=<test-name> [test-options]... command 
上面就大概的用法，--test=指定我們需要測什么類型，那么--test有哪幾種類型呢？fileio/cpu/memory/threads/mutex，不好意思前面這幾個我都沒測過，我主要是用它來測數據庫的性能，但為什么沒有數據庫這個選項呢，這是我是用了最新的版本0.5，它與0.4的版本最大區別在于支持多表測試，執行實時打印統計信息，支持自定義lua腳本來設置測試行為。 
Compiled-in tests: 
fileio - File I/O test 
cpu - CPU performance test 
memory - Memory functions speed test 
threads - Threads subsystem performance test 
mutex - Mutex performance test 
如果你用sysbench0.4大概會看到如下，請注意oltp這個選項就是測數據庫用的。 
Compiled-in tests: 
fileio - File I/O test 
cpu - CPU performance test 
memory - Memory functions speed test 
threads - Threads subsystem performance test 
mutex - Mutex performance test 
oltp - OLTP test 
看完了測試模式之后，那么它有一些什么主要的其他控制參數呢？首先說這個每個測試模式自己特有的參數怎么擦看 sysbench --test=<test-mode> help，比如我這里（請注意，由于sysbench0.5的--test選項對數據庫的測試不再使用oltp這個選項而是通過指定lua腳本，因此利用前面這個命令查看不到下面的結果，所以如果要查看還是通過0.4的吧，如果誰找到了方式在0.5版本里查看oltp的參數也請告訴一下。另外雖然0.5與0.4版本不同但是參數還是基本上保持兼容的）： 
~$ sysbench --test=oltp help 
sysbench 0.4.12: multi-threaded system evaluation benchmark 
oltp options: 
--oltp-test-mode=STRING test type to use {simple,complex,nontrx,sp} [complex] 
--oltp-reconnect-mode=STRING reconnect mode {session,transaction,query,random} [session] 
--oltp-sp-name=STRING name of store procedure to call in SP test mode [] 
--oltp-read-only=[on|off] generate only 'read' queries (do not modify database) [off] 
--oltp-skip-trx=[on|off] skip BEGIN/COMMIT statements [off] 
--oltp-range-size=N range size for range queries [100] 
--oltp-point-selects=N number of point selects [10] 
--oltp-simple-ranges=N number of simple ranges [1] 
--oltp-sum-ranges=N number of sum ranges [1] 
--oltp-order-ranges=N number of ordered ranges [1] 
--oltp-distinct-ranges=N number of distinct ranges [1] 
--oltp-index-updates=N number of index update [1] 
--oltp-non-index-updates=N number of non-index updates [1] 
--oltp-nontrx-mode=STRING mode for non-transactional test {select, update_key, update_nokey, insert, delete} [select] 
--oltp-auto-inc=[on|off] whether AUTO_INCREMENT (or equivalent) should be used on id column [on] 
--oltp-connect-delay=N time in microseconds to sleep after connection to database [10000] 
--oltp-user-delay-min=N minimum time in microseconds to sleep after each request [0] 
--oltp-user-delay-max=N maximum time in microseconds to sleep after each request [0] 
--oltp-table-name=STRING name of test table [sbtest] 
--oltp-table-size=N number of records in test table [10000] 
--oltp-dist-type=STRING random numbers distribution {uniform,gaussian,special} [special] 
--oltp-dist-iter=N number of iterations used for numbers generation [12] 
--oltp-dist-pct=N percentage of values to be treated as 'special' (for special distribution) [1] 
--oltp-dist-res=N percentage of 'special' values to use (for special distribution) [75] 
General database options: 
--db-driver=STRING specifies database driver to use ('help' to get list of available drivers) 
--db-ps-mode=STRING prepared statements usage mode {auto, disable} [auto] 
Compiled-in database drivers: 
mysql - MySQL driver 
mysql options: 
--mysql-host=[LIST,...] MySQL server host [localhost] 
--mysql-port=N MySQL server port [3306] 
--mysql-socket=STRING MySQL socket 
--mysql-user=STRING MySQL user [sbtest] 
--mysql-password=STRING MySQL password [] 
--mysql-db=STRING MySQL database name [sbtest] 
--mysql-table-engine=STRING storage engine to use for the test table {myisam,innodb,bdb,heap,ndbcluster,federated} [innodb] 
--mysql-engine-trx=STRING whether storage engine used is transactional or not {yes,no,auto} [auto] 
--mysql-ssl=[on|off] use SSL connections, if available in the client library [off] 
--myisam-max-rows=N max-rows parameter for MyISAM tables [1000000] 
--mysql-create-options=STRING additional options passed to CREATE TABLE [] 
上面有這么多參數，相信都能基本看懂吧，我等下舉例的時候會講到里面的參數代表什么含義。然后知道怎么查看具體某個測試模式的用法之后再來看general-options，通用參數，下面看看0.5的參數（相對0.4的增加了不少，有些參數的名稱也變了，怎么辨別---對某個參數解釋一模一樣）： 
General options: 
--num-threads=N number of threads to use [1] 
--max-requests=N limit for total number of requests [10000] 
--max-time=N limit for total execution time in seconds [0] 
--forced-shutdown=STRING amount of time to wait after --max-time before forcing shutdown [off] 
--thread-stack-size=SIZE size of stack per thread [64K] 
--tx-rate=N target transaction rate (tps) [0] 
--report-interval=N periodically report intermediate statistics with a specified interval in seconds. 0 disables intermediate reports [0] 
--report-checkpoints=[LIST,...]dump full statistics and reset all counters at specified points in time. The argument is a list of comma-separated values representing the amount of time in seconds elapsed from start of test when report checkpoint(s) must be performed. Report checkpoints are off by default. [] 
--test=STRING test to run 
--debug=[on|off] print more debugging info [off] 
--validate=[on|off] perform validation checks where possible [off] 
--help=[on|off] print help and exit 
--version=[on|off] print version and exit [off] 
--rand-init=[on|off] initialize random number generator [off] 
--rand-type=STRING random numbers distribution {uniform,gaussian,special,pareto} [special] 
--rand-spec-iter=N number of iterations used for numbers generation [12] 
--rand-spec-pct=N percentage of values to be treated as 'special' (for special distribution) [1] 
--rand-spec-res=N percentage of 'special' values to use (for special distribution) [75] 
--rand-seed=N seed for random number generator, ignored when 0 [0] 
--rand-pareto-h=N parameter h for pareto distibution [0.2]