本文實例講述了centos6.5環境安裝nginx服務器及負載均衡配置操作。分享給大家供大家參考，具體如下：
1、下載pcre， 是一個用c語言編寫的正則表達式函數庫
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[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/[root@localhost download]# wget http://nchc.dl.sourceforge.net/project/pcre/pcre/8.37/pcre-8.37.tar.gz[root@localhost download]# tar zxvf pcre-8.36.tar.gz |
2、下載zlib庫
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[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# cd /tmp/download/[root@localhost download]# wget http://ncu.dl.sourceforge.net/project/libpng/zlib/1.2.8/zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz[root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf zlib-1.2.8.tar.gz cd zlib-1.2.8 |
4、下載ssl
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[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd ..[root@localhost download]# wget http://www.openssl.org/source/openssl-1.0.1p.tar.gz[root@localhost download]# cd openssl-1.0.1c[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# tar -zxvf openssl-1.0.1c.tar.gz |
5、下載nginx
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[root@localhost download]# wget http://nginx.org/download/nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz[root@localhost download]# tar -zxvf nginx-1.2.8.tar.gz |
6、安裝
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[root@localhost download]mv pcre-8.36 /usr/local/[root@localhost download]mv zlib-1.2.8 /usr/local/[root@localhost download]mv openssl-1.0.1c /usr/local/[root@localhost download]mv nginx-1.2.8 /usr/local/[root@localhost download]cd /usr/local/[root@localhost local]# cd pcre-8.36[root@localhost pcre-8.36]# ./configure&&make&&make install[root@localhost pcre-8.36] cd ../zlib-1.2.8[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# ./configure && make && make install[root@localhost zlib-1.2.8]# cd ../openssl-1.0.1c[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# ./config && make && make install[root@localhost openssl-1.0.1c]# cd ../nginx-1.2.8[root@localhost nginx-1.2.8]# ./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx && make && make install |
7、啟動nginx
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[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf |
8、測試
在確保可以連接到服務器的電腦上，瀏覽器輸入裝了nginx的機器的ip地址，會看到welcome to nginx!的提示說明安裝配配置成功了。
9、設置開機自動啟動（shell腳本處理）
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[root@localhost logs]# vi /etc/init.d/nginx |
添加以下shell腳本。
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#!/bin/bash# nginx startup script for the nginx http server# it is v.0.0.2 version.# chkconfig: - 85 15# description: nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.# it has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.# processname: nginx# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxnginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginx_pid=/var/run/nginx.pidretval=0prog="nginx"# source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network# check that networking is up.[ ${networking} = "no" ] && exit 0[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0# start nginx daemons functions.start() {if [ -e $nginx_pid ];then echo "nginx already running...." exit 1fi echo -n $"starting $prog: " daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config} retval=$? echo [ $retval = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginx return $retval}# stop nginx daemons functions.stop() { echo -n $"stopping $prog: " killproc $nginxd retval=$? echo [ $retval = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /var/run/nginx.pid}# reload nginx service functions.reload() { echo -n $"reloading $prog: " #kill -hup `cat ${nginx_pid}` killproc $nginxd -hup retval=$? echo}# see how we were called.case "$1" instart) start ;;stop) stop ;;reload) reload ;;restart) stop start ;;status) status $prog retval=$? ;;*) echo $"usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}" exit 1esacexit $retval |
保存后，設置權限讓所有人可以操作。
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[root@localhost ~]# chmod a+x /etc/init.d/nginx[root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx statusnginx (pid 2417 2416) is running...[root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx stopstopping nginx: [ ok ][root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx startstarting nginx: [ ok ][root@localhost logs]# /etc/init.d/nginx statusnginx (pid 2454 2452) is running...[root@localhost ~]# vi /etc/rc.local |
添加：
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/etc/init.d/nginx start |
重啟電腦就會生效。
注意：腳本里面關于啟動目錄的，如果你的安裝地址不一樣，要進行修改。
負載均衡配置：
現有兩部服務器：
192.168.137.197 （按照以上操作安裝有nginx，作為轉發機，虛擬機）
192.168.137.33 （無安裝nginx，運行有測試用的web工程，虛擬機）
10.10.33.59 （無安裝nginx，運行有測試用的web工程，本地電腦地址）
，運行有測試用的web工程
127.0.0.1 web_app
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[root@a conf]# vi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf |
配置如下展示：
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worker_processes 8;pid /usr/local/nginx/nginx.pid;worker_rlimit_nofile 102400;events{use epoll;worker_connections 102400;}http{ include mime.types; default_type application/octet-stream; fastcgi_intercept_errors on; charset utf-8; server_names_hash_bucket_size 128; client_header_buffer_size 4k; large_client_header_buffers 4 32k; client_max_body_size 300m; sendfile on; tcp_nopush on; keepalive_timeout 60; tcp_nodelay on; client_body_buffer_size 512k; proxy_connect_timeout 5; proxy_read_timeout 60; proxy_send_timeout 5; proxy_buffer_size 16k; proxy_buffers 4 64k; proxy_busy_buffers_size 128k; proxy_temp_file_write_size 128k; gzip on; gzip_min_length 1k; gzip_buffers 4 16k; gzip_http_version 1.1; gzip_comp_level 2; gzip_types text/plain application/x-javascript text/css application/xml; gzip_vary on;###2012-12-19 change nginx logslog_format main '$http_x_forwarded_for - $remote_user [$time_local] "$request" ' '$status $body_bytes_sent "$http_referer" ' '"$http_user_agent" $request_time $remote_addr';upstream web_app {server 192.168.137.197:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;server 192.168.137.33:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;server 10.10.33.59:8080 weight=1 max_fails=2 fail_timeout=30s;}####chinaapp.sinaapp.comserver { listen 80; server_name chinaapp.sinaapp.com; index index.jsp index.html index.htm; #發布目錄/data/www root /data/www; location / { proxy_next_upstream http_502 http_504 error timeout invalid_header; proxy_set_header host $host; proxy_set_header x-real-ip $remote_addr; proxy_set_header x-forwarded-for $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for; proxy_pass http://web_app; expires 3d; } }} |
設置host：
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[root@a conf]# vi /etc/hosts |
添加hosts：
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127.0.0.1 web_app |
啟動nginx
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[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf |
啟動三部服務器的web應用：
在192.168.137.197執行指令：
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[root@a program]# curl "http://web_app/index.jsp" |
測試結果如下：
常見問題及解決辦法：
1、安裝pcre時提示configure: error: you need a c++ compiler for c++ support.
原因是沒有安裝c++編譯器，采用下面的命令安裝：
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[root@localhost pcre-8.37]# yum install -y gcc gcc-c++ |
2、啟動nginx失敗
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[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx: error while loading shared libraries: libpcre.so.1: cannot open shared object file: no such file or directory |
原因是64bit的系統，但是默認取了/usr/local/lib里面的包
檢查方法：
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[root@localhost nginx]# cd /usr/local/[root@localhost local]# ls /lib64/ |grep pcrelibpcre.so.0libpcre.so.0.0.1[root@localhost local]# ls /lib/ |grep pcre |
說明缺失的包在lib64
設置軟連接來解決：
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[root@localhost local]# ln -s /lib64/libpcre.so.0.0.1 /lib64/libpcre.so.1[root@localhost local]# cd nginx[root@localhost nginx]# /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx -c /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf |
3、啟動報錯：
報錯：nginx: [emerg] bind() to 0.0.0.0:80 failed (98: address already in use)
解決辦法：sudo fuser -k 80/tcp
端口被占用，關閉占用端口
希望本文所述對大家centos服務器配置有所幫助。
原文鏈接：https://blog.csdn.net/hanzheng260561728/article/details/51884108
