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一、前言

之前介紹了JMeter engine啟動原理，但是里面涉及到HashTree這個類結構沒有給大家詳細介紹，這邊文章就詳細介紹JMeter engine里面的HashTree結構具體用來做什么
大家看到下面是JMeter控制臺配置截圖，是一個標準的菜單形式；菜單形式其實就類似于“樹型”的數據結構，而HashTree其實就是一個樹型數據結構

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

我們在JMeter控制臺導出的jmx文件，是一個xml結構的數據，他其實就是由HashTree生成的，后面我們會講到

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

二、HashTree的用法

首先通過HashTree類介紹，它一個集合類；具備Map結構的功能，而且是一種樹型結構

/**
* This class is used to create a tree structure of objects. Each element in the
* tree is also a key to the next node down in the tree. It provides many ways
* to add objects and branches, as well as many ways to retrieve.
* <p>
* HashTree implements the Map interface for convenience reasons. The main
* difference between a Map and a HashTree is that the HashTree organizes the
* data into a recursive tree structure, and provides the means to manipulate
* that structure.
* <p>
* Of special interest is the {@link #traverse(HashTreeTraverser)} method, which
* provides an expedient way to traverse any HashTree by implementing the
* {@link HashTreeTraverser} interface in order to perform some operation on the
* tree, or to extract information from the tree.
*
* @see HashTreeTraverser
* @see SearchByClass
*/
public class HashTree implements Serializable, Map<Object, HashTree>, Cloneable {
}

JMeter常用的HashTree方法（以下圖配置為例）

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

//ListedHashTree是HashTree的繼承類，可以保證HashTree的順序性
HashTree tree = new ListedHashTree();
//TestPlan對象，測試計劃
TestPlan plan = new TestPlan();
//ThreadGroup對象，線程組
ThreadGroup group = new ThreadGroup();
//創建線程組數結構的對象groupTree
HashTree groupTree = new ListedHashTree();
//表示取樣器中的HTTP請求
HTTPSamplerProxy sampler = new HTTPSamplerProxy();
//創建HTTP請求的數結構對象samplerTree
//調用put方法相當于在plan（測試計劃）菜單對象下添加group（線程組）子菜單，這樣就形成了一種樹型結構
HashTree samplerTree = new ListedHashTree();
samplerTree.put(sampler,new ListedHashTree())
//groupTree樹結構添加子樹samplerTree
groupTree.put(group,samplerTree)
//tree樹結構為測試計劃對象，添加子樹groupTree，這樣就形成了上圖的層級形式
tree.put(plan, groupTree)
//調用add方法相當于在tree菜單對象下添加同級菜單
tree.add(Object key)

三、JMeter源碼導出jmx腳本文件介紹

首先在JMeter控制臺所有點擊事件，都會被ActionRouter中performaAction方法進行監聽執行，點擊導出按鈕，會進入到如圖方法通過反射由Save類執行

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

在Save類中執行doAction主要是獲取到配置的HashTree

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

當你點擊保存的時候，它會創建一個空文件，此時文件沒有任何內容

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題 Save

類的doAction方法最后會調用backupAndSave(e, subTree, fullSave, updateFile)這個是來將創建的空文件寫入xml內容的

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

在SaveService中saveTree方法，其中JMXSAVER是XStream對象，對應的maven坐標如下

<!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/com.thoughtworks.xstream/xstream -->
<dependency>
  <groupId>com.thoughtworks.xstream</groupId>
  <artifactId>xstream</artifactId>
  <version>1.4.15</version>
</dependency>

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

四、自定義HashTree生成JMeter腳本

首先maven引入以下幾個坐標<jmeter.version>5.3</jmeter.version>

      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.jmeter</groupId>
          <artifactId>ApacheJMeter_http</artifactId>
          <version>${jmeter.version}</version>
          <exclusions>
              <exclusion>
                  <groupId>org.apache.logging.log4j</groupId>
                  <artifactId>log4j-slf4j-impl</artifactId>
              </exclusion>
          </exclusions>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.jmeter</groupId>
          <artifactId>ApacheJMeter_functions</artifactId>
          <version>${jmeter.version}</version>
      </dependency>
      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.jmeter</groupId>
          <artifactId>ApacheJMeter_jdbc</artifactId>
          <version>${jmeter.version}</version>
      </dependency>

      <dependency>
          <groupId>org.apache.jmeter</groupId>
          <artifactId>ApacheJMeter_tcp</artifactId>
          <version>${jmeter.version}</version>
      </dependency>

先創建一個取樣器，然后寫成HashTree的數據結構

public static ThreadGroup threadGroup;
//創建一個標準的線程組
private static void initThreadGroup(){
  LoopController loopController = new LoopController();
  loopController.setName("LoopController");
  loopController.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, LoopController.class.getName());
  loopController.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, JMeterUtil.readSaveProperties("LoopControlPanel"));
  loopController.setEnabled(true);
  loopController.setLoops(1);
  ThreadGroup group = new ThreadGroup();
  group.setEnabled(true);
  group.setName("ThreadGroup");
  group.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, JMeterUtil.readSaveProperties("ThreadGroup"));
  group.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, JMeterUtil.readSaveProperties("ThreadGroupGui"));
  group.setProperty(ThreadGroup.ON_SAMPLE_ERROR,"continue");
  group.setProperty(ThreadGroup.IS_SAME_USER_ON_NEXT_ITERATION,true);
  group.setProperty(TestElement.COMMENTS,"");
  group.setNumThreads(1);
  group.setRampUp(1);
  group.setDelay(0);
  group.setDuration(0);
  group.setProperty(ThreadGroup.ON_SAMPLE_ERROR, ThreadGroup.ON_SAMPLE_ERROR_CONTINUE);
  group.setScheduler(false);
  group.setSamplerController(loopController);
  threadGroup = group;
}

創建一個標準的線程組

public static ThreadGroup threadGroup;
//創建一個標準的線程組
private static void initThreadGroup(){
  LoopController loopController = new LoopController();
  loopController.setName("LoopController");
  loopController.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, LoopController.class.getName());
  loopController.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, JMeterUtil.readSaveProperties("LoopControlPanel"));
  loopController.setEnabled(true);
  loopController.setLoops(1);
  ThreadGroup group = new ThreadGroup();
  group.setEnabled(true);
  group.setName("ThreadGroup");
  group.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, JMeterUtil.readSaveProperties("ThreadGroup"));
  group.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, JMeterUtil.readSaveProperties("ThreadGroupGui"));
  group.setProperty(ThreadGroup.ON_SAMPLE_ERROR,"continue");
  group.setProperty(ThreadGroup.IS_SAME_USER_ON_NEXT_ITERATION,true);
  group.setProperty(TestElement.COMMENTS,"");
  group.setNumThreads(1);
  group.setRampUp(1);
  group.setDelay(0);
  group.setDuration(0);
  group.setProperty(ThreadGroup.ON_SAMPLE_ERROR, ThreadGroup.ON_SAMPLE_ERROR_CONTINUE);
  group.setScheduler(false);
  group.setSamplerController(loopController);
  threadGroup = group;
}

創建一個標準的測試計劃

public static TestPlan testPlan;
//創建一個標準的測試計劃
private static void initTestPlan() {
  TestPlan plan = new TestPlan();
  //設置測試計劃屬性及內容，最后都會轉為xml標簽的屬性及內容
  plan.setProperty(TestElement.NAME, "測試計劃");
  plan.setProperty(TestElement.TEST_CLASS, JMeterUtil.readSaveProperties("TestPlan"));
  plan.setProperty(TestElement.GUI_CLASS, JMeterUtil.readSaveProperties("TestPlanGui"));
  plan.setEnabled(true);
  plan.setComment("");
  plan.setFunctionalMode(false);
  plan.setTearDownOnShutdown(true);
  plan.setSerialized(false);
  plan.setProperty("TestPlan.user_define_classpath","");
  plan.setProperty("TestPlan.user_defined_variables","");
  plan.setUserDefinedVariables(new Arguments());
  testPlan = plan;
}

開始封裝成一個HashTree的配置

//先創建一個測試計劃hashtree對象
HashTree hashTree = new ListedHashTree();
//在創建一個線程組threaddGroupTree對象
HashTree threadGroupTree = new ListedHashTree();
//HttpRequestConfig為HTTP對應的請求頭、請求體等信息數據，傳入httpToHashTree靜態方法獲取到取樣器的HashTree數據結構，源碼上圖已分享
HashTree httpConfigTree = XXClass.httpToHashTree(HttpRequestConfig httpRequestData)
//threadGroupTree添加子菜單httpConfigTree對象
threadGroupTree.put(group, httpConfigTree);
//測試計劃hashTree添加子菜單threadGroupTree對象
hashTree.put(JMeterTestPlanConfigService.testPlan, threadGroupTree);

HashTree寫好后，調用JMeter原生方法SaveService.saveTree(hashTree,outStream);生成對應的xml

如果直接調用的話生成的xml格式會形成如下圖所示，而非JMeter原生導出jmx形式，這種文件結構JMeter控制臺讀取會報錯，識別不了

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

后面閱讀SaveService源碼才明白，生成xml文件之前會先初始化靜態代碼塊內容，初始化屬性

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

過程中會調用JMeterUtils中的findFile方法來尋找saveservice.properties文件

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題

由于SaveService 中都是靜態方法無法重寫，所以根據最后調用JMeterUtils中的findFile方法來尋找saveservice.properties有兩種解決方案

方案一：不推薦，在項目根目錄下存放saveservice.properties，這樣findFile方法就能拿到，但是這樣不好，因為maven打包的時候該文件會打不進去，至少我springboot項目是遇到這樣的問題

方案二：推薦，創建一個臨時文件命名為saveservice.properties，然后提前將saveservice.properties配置讀取到臨時文件中，這樣在調用JMeterUtils中的findFile方法同樣能夠找到配置，成功解決SaveService初始化屬性導致的問題，具體代碼如下

private void hashTreeToXML(HashTree hashTree,PressureConfigInfo configInfo){
  FileOutputStream outStream = null;
  File file = new File("temp.jmx");
  File tempFile = null;
  try {
  	//創建一個臨時的saveservice.properties文件
      tempFile = new File("saveservice.properties");
      InputStream is = JMeterUtil.class.getResource("/jmeter/saveservice.properties").openStream();
      //將配置文件寫入臨時文件中
      FileUtil.writeFromStream(is,tempFile);
      outStream = new FileOutputStream(file);
      //調用saveTree成功轉為xml
      SaveService.saveTree(hashTree,outStream);
      String xmlContent = FileUtil.readUtf8String(file);
      configInfo.setFile(xmlContent.getBytes());
  } catch (IOException e) {
      e.printStackTrace();
  }finally {
      try {
          FileUtils.forceDelete(file);
          FileUtils.forceDelete(tempFile);
      } catch (IOException e) {
          e.printStackTrace();
      }
  }
}

最后生成的xml文件結構如下圖，通過JMeter控制臺也能成功打開識別

一文搞懂JMeter engine中HashTree的配置問題