什么是Actor？
Actor對于PHPer來說，可能會比較陌生，寫過Java的同學會比較熟悉，Java一直都有線程的概念（雖然PHP有Pthread,但不普及）,它是一種非共享內存的并發模型，每個Actor內的數據獨立存在，Actor之間通過消息傳遞的形式進行交互調度，且Actor是一種高度抽象化的編程模型，非常適合于游戲、硬件行業。
Swoole協程與信箱
得益于Swoole4.x，我們可以基于Swoole的協程與Channel快速實現一個信箱模式調度。模擬代碼如下：
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use Swoole\Coroutine\Channel;go(function (){ //創建十個信箱通道 $mailBoxes = []; for ($i = 1;$i <= 10;$i++){ $mailBoxes[$i] = new Channel(16); } //模擬master 郵局調度,隨機像一個信箱投遞消息 go(function ()use($mailBoxes){ while (1){ \co::sleep(2); $key = rand(1,10); ($mailBoxes[$key])->push(time()); } }); //模擬actor 實體消費 for ($i = 1;$i <= 10;$i++){ go(function ()use($mailBoxes,$i){ while (1){ $msg = ($mailBoxes[$i])->pop(); echo "Actor {$i} recv msg : {$msg} \n"; } }); }}); |
以上代碼執行輸出：
php test.php
Actor 8 recv msg : 1559622691
Actor 10 recv msg : 1559622693
Actor 1 recv msg : 1559622695
Actor 5 recv msg : 1559622697
協程通道每次在POP遇到無數據的時候，都會自動讓出執行權（具體可以去看Swoole協程調度）
Actor庫
基于上面的原理，我們實行了一個多進程分布的協程Actor庫
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composer require easyswoole/actor=2.x-dev |
我們依賴dev庫進行測試，生產可以自己依賴stable版本
進程關系
Easyswoole的Actor模型中，存在兩組進程，一組是proxy進程，用來實現Actor對外服務，一組是worker進程，proxy進程與worker進程之間通過unixsock進行通訊，而Actor實例就均勻的分布worker之中。
樣例代碼
比如在一個聊天室中，我們可以定義一個房間模型。
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namespace EasySwoole\Actor\Test;use EasySwoole\Actor\AbstractActor;use EasySwoole\Actor\ActorConfig;class RoomActor extends AbstractActor{ public static function configure(ActorConfig $actorConfig) { $actorConfig->setActorName('Room'); } public function onStart() { //每當一個RoomActor實體被創建的時候，都會執行該回調 var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' start'); } public function onMessage($msg) { //每當一個RoomActor實體收到外部消息的時候，都會執行該回調當 var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' onmessage: '.$msg); return 'reply at '.time(); } public function onExit($arg) { //每當一個RoomActor實體退出的時候，都會執行該回調 var_dump('room actor '.$this->actorId().' exit at arg: '.$arg); return 'exit at '.time(); } protected function onException(\Throwable $throwable) { //每當一個RoomActor出現異常的時候，都會執行該回調 var_dump($throwable->getMessage()); }} |
在cli模式下創建一個Actor服務
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use EasySwoole\Actor\Actor;use EasySwoole\Actor\Test\RoomActor;use EasySwoole\Actor\ProxyProcess;Actor::getInstance()->register(RoomActor::class);$list = Actor::getInstance()->generateProcess();foreach ($list['proxy'] as $proxy){ /** @var ProxyProcess $proxy */ $proxy->getProcess()->start();}foreach ($list['worker'] as $actors){ foreach ($actors as $actorProcess){ /** @var ProxyProcess $actorProcess */ $actorProcess->getProcess()->start(); }}while($ret = \Swoole\Process::wait()) { echo "PID={$ret['pid']}\n";} |
創建一個cli測試腳本
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use EasySwoole\Actor\Actor;use EasySwoole\Actor\Test\RoomActor;Actor::getInstance()->register(RoomActor::class);go(function (){ $actorId = RoomActor::client()->create('create arg1'); var_dump($actorId); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->send($actorId,'this is msg')); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->exit($actorId,'this is exit arg')); \co::sleep(3); RoomActor::client()->create('create arg2'); \co::sleep(3); RoomActor::client()->create('create arg3'); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->sendAll('sendAll msg')); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->status()); \co::sleep(3); var_dump(RoomActor::client()->exitAll('sendAll exit'));}); |
以上代碼執行結果如下：
服務端
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php test.php string(40) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 start"string(57) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 onmessage: this is msg"string(64) "room actor 00101000000000000000001 exit at arg: this is exit arg"string(40) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 start"string(40) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 start"string(57) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 onmessage: sendAll msg"string(57) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 onmessage: sendAll msg"string(60) "room actor 00101000000000000000002 exit at arg: sendAll exit"string(60) "room actor 00103000000000000000001 exit at arg: sendAll exit" |
客戶端
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php test2.php string(23) "00101000000000000000001"string(19) "reply at 1559623925"string(18) "exit at 1559623928"bool(true)array(3) { [1]=> int(1) [2]=> int(0) [3]=> int(1)}bool(true) |
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以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接：https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000019382531
