1、任務執(zhí)行和調度
spring用taskexecutor和taskscheduler接口提供了異步執(zhí)行和調度任務的抽象。
spring的taskexecutor和java.util.concurrent.executor接口時一樣的，這個接口只有一個方法execute(runnable task)。
1.1、taskexecutor類型
spring已經內置了許多taskexecutor的實現，你沒有必要自己去實現：
- simpleasynctaskexecutor 這種實現不會重用任何線程，每次調用都會創(chuàng)建一個新的線程。
- synctaskexecutor 這種實現不會異步的執(zhí)行
- concurrenttaskexecutor 這種實現是java.util.concurrent.executor的一個adapter。
- simplethreadpooltaskexecutor 這種實現實際上是quartz的simplethreadpool的一個子類，它監(jiān)聽spring的聲明周期回調。
- threadpooltaskexecutor 這是最常用最通用的一種實現。它包含了java.util.concurrent.threadpoolexecutor的屬性，并且用taskexecutor進行包裝。
1.2、注解支持調度和異步執(zhí)行
to enable support for @scheduled and @async annotations add @enablescheduling and @enableasync to one of your
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@configuration classes:@configuration@enableasync@enableschedulingpublic class appconfig {} |
特別注意
the default advice mode for processing @async annotations is "proxy" which allows for interception of calls through the proxy only; local calls within the same class cannot get intercepted that way. for a more advanced mode of interception, consider switching to "aspectj" mode in combination with compile-time or load-time weaving.
默認是用代理去處理@async的，因此，相同類中的方法調用帶@async的方法是無法異步的，這種情況仍然是同步。
舉個例子：下面這種，在外部直接調用sayhi()是可以異步執(zhí)行的，而調用sayhello()時sayhi()仍然是同步執(zhí)行
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public class a { public void sayhello() { sayhi(); } @async public void sayhi() { } } |
1.3、@async注解
在方法上加@async注解表示這是一個異步調用。換句話說，方法的調用者會立即得到返回，并且實際的方法執(zhí)行是想spring的taskexecutor提交了一個任務。
in other words, the caller will return immediately upon invocation and the actual execution of the method will occur in a task that has been submitted to a spring taskexecutor.
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@asyncvoid dosomething() { // this will be executed asynchronously} |
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@asyncvoid dosomething(string s) { // this will be executed asynchronously} |
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@asyncfuture<string> returnsomething(int i) { // this will be executed asynchronously} |
注意：
@async methods may not only declare a regular java.util.concurrent.future return type but also spring's org.springframework.util.concurrent.listenablefuture or, as of spring 4.2, jdk 8's java.util.concurrent.completablefuture: for richer interaction with the asynchronous task and for immediate composition with further processing steps.
1.4、@async限定executor
默認情況下，當在方法上加@async注解時，將會使用一個支持注解驅動的executor。然而，@async注解的value值可以指定一個別的executor
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@async("otherexecutor")void dosomething(string s) { // this will be executed asynchronously by "otherexecutor"} |
這里，otherexecutor是spring容器中任意executor bean的名字。
1.5、@async異常管理
當一個@async方法有一個future類型的返回值時，就很容易管理在調future的get()方法獲取任務的執(zhí)行結果時拋出的異常。如果返回類型是void，那么異常是不會被捕獲到的。
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public class myasyncuncaughtexceptionhandler implements asyncuncaughtexceptionhandler { @override public void handleuncaughtexception(throwable ex, method method, object... params) { // handle exception }} |
2、線程池配置
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import org.springframework.context.annotation.bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.configuration;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.enableasync;import org.springframework.scheduling.concurrent.threadpooltaskexecutor;@configuration@enableasyncpublic class taskexecutorconfig { private integer corepoolsize = 30; private integer maxpoolsize = 50; private integer keepaliveseconds = 300;// private integer queuecapacity = 2000; @bean("mythreadpooltaskexecutor") public threadpooltaskexecutor mythreadpooltaskexecutor() { threadpooltaskexecutor executor = new threadpooltaskexecutor(); executor.setcorepoolsize(corepoolsize); executor.setmaxpoolsize(maxpoolsize); executor.setkeepaliveseconds(keepaliveseconds);// executor.setqueuecapacity(queuecapacity); executor.setwaitfortaskstocompleteonshutdown(true); executor.initialize(); return executor; }} |
調用
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@async("mythreadpooltaskexecutor") @override public void present(couponpresentlogentity entity) { try { couponbaseresponse rst = couponsendrpcservice.send(entity.getuserid(), entity.getcouponbatchkey(), "1", entity.getvendorid()); if (null != rst && rst.issuccess()) { entity.setstatus(presentstatusenum.success.gettype()); }else { string reason = (null == rst) ? "響應異常" : rst.getmsg(); entity.setfailurereason(reason); entity.setstatus(presentstatusenum.failure.gettype()); } }catch (exception ex) { log.error(ex.getmessage(), ex); entity.setfailurereason(ex.getmessage()); entity.setstatus(presentstatusenum.failure.gettype()); } couponpresentlogdao.update(entity); } |
結果
[info ] 2018-05-09 16:27:39.887 [mythreadpooltaskexecutor-1] [com.ourhours.coupon.rpc.dubbo.receivelogfilter] - receive method-name:send; arguments:[10046031,"4d7cc32f8f7e4b00bca56f6bf4b3b658","1",10001]
[info ] 2018-05-09 16:27:39.889 [mythreadpooltaskexecutor-2] [com.ourhours.coupon.rpc.dubbo.receivelogfilter] - receive method-name:send; arguments:[10046031,"4d7cc32f8f7e4b00bca56f6bf4b3b658","1",10001]
參考：
spring framework reference documentation 4.3.17.release
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接：http://www.cnblogs.com/cjsblog/p/9016657.html
