一、前言
本學期學習了java語言，在學期的結束，寫一個有操作界面，與數據庫關聯的管理系統，用來鞏固自己本學習所學的知識。
用到的知識：java基礎，java界面設計（gui），oracle數據庫（需要掌握數據庫的基本操作語句），鏈接數據庫。
使用的開發工具：myeclipse professional 2014
二、設計
我們管理的屬性有：項目編號，項目名稱，參與人員，負責人，項目開始時間，結束時間。科研項目系統主要有四個功能，對科研項目的增加、刪除、修改、查詢。以及為增加系統安全性所設計的登陸模式。
2.1 增加：向數據庫的表中增加科研項目的所有信息
添加后在控制臺使用sql語句查找，驗證是否已添加至數據庫中。
2.2 查詢：通過具有唯一性的項目編號查找該項目的所有信息
2.3 修改：根據項目編號選中要修改的項目，并重新輸入項目信息進行修改
2.4 刪除：通過具有唯一性的項目編號刪除對應項目的所有信息
三、窗體源碼
3.1 登錄界面
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package 科研信息管理系統;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;import javax.swing.*;public class loginwindows extends frame implements windowlistener,actionlistener { public label lglabel; //用戶名標簽 public label pwdlabel; //密碼標簽 public textfield lgtext; //用戶名文本框 public textfield pwdtext; //密碼文本框 public button lgbt; //登錄按鈕 public button quitbt; //退出按鈕 public loginwindows() { super(); this.setsize(400, 300); this.settitle("科研信息管理系統"); this.setlayout(null); lglabel=new label(); lglabel.settext("登錄賬號:"); lglabel.setsize(60, 30); lglabel.setlocation(70,70); pwdlabel=new label(); pwdlabel.settext("密 碼:"); pwdlabel.setsize(60,30); pwdlabel.setlocation(70, 150); lgtext=new textfield(); lgtext.setsize(180, 30); lgtext.setlocation(140, 70); pwdtext=new textfield(); pwdtext.setsize(180,30); pwdtext.setlocation(140, 150); lgbt=new button(); lgbt.setlabel("登錄"); lgbt.setsize(60,30); lgbt.setlocation(120, 220); quitbt=new button(); quitbt.setlabel("退出"); quitbt.setsize(60,30); quitbt.setlocation(220,220); quitbt.addactionlistener(this); lgbt.addactionlistener(this); this.addwindowlistener(this); this.add(lglabel); this.add(pwdlabel); this.add(lgtext); this.add(pwdtext); this.add(lgbt); this.add(quitbt); this.setvisible(true); } public static void main(string args[]) { loginwindows main=new loginwindows(); } @override public void actionperformed(actionevent e) { button bt=(button) e.getsource(); if(bt.getlabel().equals("退出")) { system.exit(0); } else { if ((lgtext.gettext().equals(""))||(pwdtext.gettext().equals(""))) { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(this,"賬號或密碼為空"); } else { if ((lgtext.gettext().equals("admin"))&&(pwdtext.gettext().equals("111"))) //if((lgtext.gettext().equals(""))||(pwdtext.gettext().equals(""))) { this.setvisible(false); // sqlwindow sql=new sqlwindow(); windowsview w=new windowsview(); w.sciencepro(); } else { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(this, "沒有權限"); } }}} @override public void windowopened(windowevent e) { // todo auto-generated method busb } @override public void windowclosing(windowevent e) { // todo auto-generated method busb system.exit(0); } @override public void windowclosed(windowevent e) { // todo auto-generated method busb } @override public void windowiconified(windowevent e) { // todo auto-generated method busb } @override public void windowdeiconified(windowevent e) { // todo auto-generated method busb } @override public void windowactivated(windowevent e) { // todo auto-generated method busb } @override public void windowdeactivated(windowevent e) { // todo auto-generated method busb }} |
3.2主窗體源碼
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package 科研信息管理系統;import javax.swing.*;import java.awt.*;import java.awt.event.*;import javax.swing.event.*;import javax.swing.tree.*;public class windowsview implements treeselectionlistener,actionlistener //窗口類{ jframe main; jpanel leftpa; jpanel uppa; jpanel downpa; ///查詢用控件 jlabel numla; //通過項目編號查詢 jtextfield numtxt; jbutton numbt; jtextfield nametxt; //顯示項目名稱的文本框 jtextfield peopletxt; //顯示參與人員 jtextfield principaltxt; //顯示主要負責人 jtextfield timestarttxt; //顯示開始時間的文本框 jtextfield timeendtxt; //顯示預期結束時間的文本框 //增加用控件 jlabel anumla; jlabel anamela; jlabel apeoplela; jlabel aprincipalla; jlabel atimestartla; jlabel atimeendla; jtextfield anumtxt; jtextfield anametxt; jtextfield apeopletxt; jtextfield aprincipaltxt; jtextfield atimestarttxt; jtextfield atimeendtxt; jbutton addbt; jtable showtable; //刪除用控件 jlabel dnumla; jbutton dnumbt; jtextfield dnumtxt; //修改用控件 jlabel alnumla; jtextfield allnumtxt; jbutton alsebt; jbutton albt; jlabel allnumla; jlabel alnamela; jlabel alpeoplela; jlabel alprincipalla; jlabel altimestartla; jlabel altimeendla; jtextfield alnumtxt; jtextfield alnametxt; jtextfield alpeopletxt; jtextfield alprincipaltxt; jtextfield altimestarttxt; jtextfield altimeendtxt; public void sciencepro() { main=new jframe(); main.setsize(800,800); main.settitle("科研信息管理"); main.setlayout(null); leftpa=new jpanel(); leftpa.setsize(150, 600); leftpa.setlocation(0, 0); leftpa.setbackground(color.white); initleftpanel(); main.add(leftpa); uppa=new jpanel(); uppa.setsize(650, 400); uppa.setlocation(150, 0); uppa.setbackground(color.gray); main.add(uppa); downpa=new jpanel(); downpa.setsize(650, 400); downpa.setlocation(150, 400); downpa.setbackground(color.orange); main.add(downpa); main.setvisible(true); } private void initleftpanel() { string[] strs={"查詢","增加","刪除","修改"}; jtree tree=new jtree(strs); tree.addtreeselectionlistener(this); leftpa.add(tree); } public void valuechanged(treeselectionevent e) { jtree tree=(jtree)e.getsource(); defaultmutabletreenode selectionnode =(defaultmutabletreenode)tree.getlastselectedpathcomponent(); string str=selectionnode.tostring(); if(str.equals("查詢")) { initupdownpawhensearch(); } if(str.equals("增加")) { initupdownpawhenadd(); } if(str.equals("刪除")) { initupdownpawhendelete(); } if(str.equals("修改")) { initupdownpawhenalert(); } } private void initupdownpawhensearch() { //清空上下面板上的控件 uppa.removeall(); downpa.removeall(); //動態的加載上面板的控件 uppa.setlayout(null); numla=new jlabel(); numla.settext("請輸入項目編號"); numla.setlocation(40, 60); numla.setsize(100, 40); numtxt=new jtextfield(); numtxt.setlocation(180, 60); numtxt.setsize(200, 30); numbt=new jbutton(); numbt.settext("查詢"); numbt.addactionlistener(this); numbt.setlocation(250, 160); numbt.setsize(60, 30); uppa.add(numla); uppa.add(numtxt); uppa.add(numbt); uppa.validate(); uppa.repaint(); numbt.addactionlistener(this); //動態的加載下面板的控件 nametxt=new jtextfield(); nametxt.setlocation(80, 50); nametxt.setsize(300, 30); peopletxt=new jtextfield(); peopletxt.setlocation(80, 100); peopletxt.setsize(300, 30); principaltxt=new jtextfield(); principaltxt.setlocation(80, 150); principaltxt.setsize(300, 30); timestarttxt=new jtextfield(); timestarttxt.setlocation(80, 200); timestarttxt.setsize(300, 30); timeendtxt=new jtextfield(); timeendtxt.setlocation(80,250); timeendtxt.setsize(300, 30); downpa.setlayout(null); downpa.add(nametxt); downpa.add(peopletxt); downpa.add(principaltxt); downpa.add(timestarttxt); downpa.add(timeendtxt); downpa.validate(); downpa.repaint(); } public void actionperformed(actionevent e) { jbutton bt=(jbutton)e.getsource(); //bt.addactionlistener(this); if(bt.gettext().equals("查詢")) { if(numtxt.gettext().equals("")) { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "請輸入項目編號"); } else { dealsearch deal=new dealsearch(); string inf=deal.findprobynum(integer.parseint(numtxt.gettext().trim())); if((inf!=null)&&(!inf.equals(""))) { string[] strs=inf.split(","); nametxt.settext(strs[1]); peopletxt.settext(strs[2]); principaltxt.settext(strs[3]); timestarttxt.settext(strs[4]); timeendtxt.settext(strs[5]); } } } if(bt.gettext().equals("新增")) { if (anumtxt.gettext().equals("")||anametxt.gettext().equals("")||apeopletxt.gettext().equals("")||aprincipaltxt.gettext().equals("")||atimestarttxt.gettext().equals("")||atimeendtxt.gettext().equals("")) { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "輸入中不能有空值！！"); } else { scienceproject s=new scienceproject(); s.setnum(integer.parseint(anumtxt.gettext())); s.setname(anametxt.gettext()); s.setpeople(apeopletxt.gettext()); s.setleader(aprincipaltxt.gettext()); s.settimestart(atimestarttxt.gettext()); s.settimefinish(atimeendtxt.gettext()); dealadd deal=new dealadd(); deal.add(s); } } if(bt.gettext().equals("刪除")) { if(integer.parseint(dnumtxt.gettext())==0) { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "不能刪除空的項目編號！！"); } else { dealdelete deal=new dealdelete(); deal.delete(integer.parseint(dnumtxt.gettext().trim())); } } if(bt.gettext().equals("提交")) { if(integer.parseint(allnumtxt.gettext())==0) { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "不能修改空的項目編號！！"); } else { dealsub deal=new dealsub(); deal.submit(integer.parseint(allnumtxt.gettext())); } } if(bt.gettext().equals("修改")) { if (alnametxt.gettext().equals("")||alpeopletxt.gettext().equals("")||alprincipaltxt.gettext().equals("")||altimestarttxt.gettext().equals("")||altimeendtxt.gettext().equals("")) { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "輸入中不能有空值！！"); } else { scienceproject s=new scienceproject(); s.setnum(integer.parseint(allnumtxt.gettext())); s.setname(alnametxt.gettext()); s.setpeople(alpeopletxt.gettext()); s.setleader(alprincipaltxt.gettext()); s.settimestart(altimestarttxt.gettext()); s.settimefinish(altimeendtxt.gettext()); dealalter deal=new dealalter(); deal.alter(s); } } } private void initupdownpawhenadd() { //清空上下面板上的控件 uppa.removeall(); downpa.removeall(); //動態的加載上面板的控件 uppa.setlayout(null); anumla=new jlabel(); anumla.settext("請輸入要增加的項目編號"); anumla.setlocation(30, 50); anumla.setsize(150, 40); anumtxt=new jtextfield(); anumtxt.setlocation(200, 50); anumtxt.setsize(250, 30); anamela=new jlabel(); anamela.settext("請輸入要增加的項目名稱"); anamela.setlocation(30, 100); anamela.setsize(150, 40); anametxt=new jtextfield(); anametxt.setlocation(200, 100); anametxt.setsize(250, 30); apeoplela=new jlabel(); apeoplela.settext("請輸入項目參與人員"); apeoplela.setlocation(30, 150); apeoplela.setsize(150, 40); apeopletxt=new jtextfield(); apeopletxt.setlocation(200, 150); apeopletxt.setsize(250, 30); aprincipalla=new jlabel(); aprincipalla.settext("請輸入項目負責人"); aprincipalla.setlocation(30, 200); aprincipalla.setsize(150, 40); aprincipaltxt=new jtextfield(); aprincipaltxt.setlocation(200, 200); aprincipaltxt.setsize(250, 30); atimestartla=new jlabel(); atimestartla.settext("請輸入項目開始時間"); atimestartla.setlocation(30, 250); atimestartla.setsize(150, 40); atimestarttxt=new jtextfield(); atimestarttxt.setlocation(200, 250); atimestarttxt.setsize(250, 30); atimeendla=new jlabel(); atimeendla.settext("請輸入項目結束時間"); atimeendla.setlocation(30, 300); atimeendla.setsize(150, 40); atimeendtxt=new jtextfield(); atimeendtxt.setlocation(200, 300); atimeendtxt.setsize(250, 30); addbt=new jbutton(); addbt.settext("新增"); addbt.addactionlistener(this); //addbt.addmouselistener(this); addbt.setlocation(250, 340); addbt.setsize(60, 30); uppa.add(addbt); uppa.add(anumla); uppa.add(anamela); uppa.add(apeoplela); uppa.add(aprincipalla); uppa.add(atimestartla); uppa.add(atimeendla); uppa.add(anametxt); uppa.add(anumtxt); uppa.add(apeopletxt); uppa.add(aprincipaltxt); uppa.add(atimestarttxt); uppa.add(atimeendtxt); uppa.validate(); uppa.repaint(); downpa.validate(); downpa.repaint(); } private void initupdownpawhendelete() { //清空上下面板上的控件 uppa.removeall(); downpa.removeall(); //動態的加載上面板的控件 uppa.setlayout(null); numla=new jlabel(); numla.settext("請輸入要刪除的項目編號"); numla.setlocation(40, 60); numla.setsize(150, 40); dnumtxt=new jtextfield(); dnumtxt.setlocation(200, 60); dnumtxt.setsize(250, 30); dnumbt=new jbutton(); dnumbt.settext("刪除"); dnumbt.addactionlistener(this); dnumbt.setlocation(270, 170); dnumbt.setsize(60, 30); uppa.add(numla); uppa.add(dnumtxt); uppa.add(dnumbt); uppa.validate(); uppa.repaint(); downpa.validate(); downpa.repaint(); } private void initupdownpawhenalert() { //清空上下面板上的控件 uppa.removeall(); downpa.removeall(); //動態的加載上面板的控件 uppa.setlayout(null); alnumla=new jlabel(); alnumla.settext("請輸入要修改的項目編號"); alnumla.setlocation(40, 60); alnumla.setsize(150, 40); alsebt=new jbutton(); alsebt.settext("提交"); alsebt.addactionlistener(this); alsebt.setlocation(270, 170); alsebt.setsize(60, 30); allnumtxt=new jtextfield(); allnumtxt.setlocation(200, 60); allnumtxt.setsize(200, 30); uppa.add(alnumla); uppa.add(alsebt); uppa.add(allnumtxt); uppa.validate(); uppa.repaint(); albt=new jbutton(); albt.settext("修改"); albt.addactionlistener(this); albt.setlocation(450, 170); albt.setsize(60, 30); /* allnumla=new jlabel(); allnumla.settext("請輸入修改后的項目編號"); allnumla.setlocation(30, 00); allnumla.setsize(150, 40); alnumtxt=new jtextfield(); alnumtxt.setlocation(180, 00); alnumtxt.setsize(250, 30);*/ alnamela=new jlabel(); alnamela.settext("請輸入修改后項目名稱"); alnamela.setlocation(30, 50); alnamela.setsize(150, 40); alnametxt=new jtextfield(); alnametxt.setlocation(180, 50); alnametxt.setsize(250, 30); alpeoplela=new jlabel(); alpeoplela.settext("請重設參與人員"); alpeoplela.setlocation(30, 100); alpeoplela.setsize(150, 40); alpeopletxt=new jtextfield(); alpeopletxt.setlocation(180, 100); alpeopletxt.setsize(250, 30); alprincipalla=new jlabel(); alprincipalla.settext("請重設項目負責人"); alprincipalla.setlocation(30, 150); alprincipalla.setsize(150, 40); alprincipaltxt=new jtextfield(); alprincipaltxt.setlocation(180, 150); alprincipaltxt.setsize(250, 30); altimestartla=new jlabel(); altimestartla.settext("請重設項目開始時間"); altimestartla.setlocation(30, 200); altimestartla.setsize(150, 40); altimestarttxt=new jtextfield(); altimestarttxt.setlocation(180, 200); altimestarttxt.setsize(250, 30); altimeendla=new jlabel(); altimeendla.settext("請重設項目結束時間"); altimeendla.setlocation(30, 250); altimeendla.setsize(150, 40); altimeendtxt=new jtextfield(); altimeendtxt.setlocation(180, 250); altimeendtxt.setsize(250, 30); downpa.add(albt); //downpa.add(allnumla); downpa.add(alnamela); downpa.add(alpeoplela); downpa.add(alprincipalla); downpa.add(altimestartla); downpa.add(altimeendla); downpa.add(alnametxt); //downpa.add(alnumtxt); downpa.add(alpeopletxt); downpa.add(alprincipaltxt); downpa.add(altimestarttxt); downpa.add(altimeendtxt); downpa.setlayout(null); downpa.validate(); downpa.repaint(); }} |
3.3 組織sql語句，鏈接數據庫部分
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package 科研信息管理系統;import java.sql.*;import java.util.scanner;public class sql { public void addscienceproject(scienceproject scienceproject) { try { class.forname("oracle.jdbc.driver.oracledriver").newinstance(); string constr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe"; connection con=drivermanager.getconnection(constr,"system","1"); stringbuffer sql=new stringbuffer("insert into science values("+scienceproject.getnum()+",'"+scienceproject.getname()+"','"+scienceproject.getpeople()+"','"+scienceproject.getleader()+"','"+scienceproject.gettimestart()+"','"+scienceproject.gettimefinish()+"')"); statement st=con.createstatement(); st.execute(sql.tostring()); st.close(); con.close(); } catch (exception e) { // todo: handle exception system.out.println(e.tostring()); } } public void delscienceproject(scienceproject scienceproject) { try { class.forname("oracle.jdbc.driver.oracledriver").newinstance(); string constr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe"; connection con=drivermanager.getconnection(constr,"system","1"); stringbuffer sql=new stringbuffer("delete from science where num="+scienceproject.getnum()+""); statement st=con.createstatement(); st.execute(sql.tostring()); st.close(); con.close(); } catch (exception e) { // todo: handle exception system.out.println(e.tostring()); } } public void updscienceproject(scienceproject scienceproject) { try { class.forname("oracle.jdbc.driver.oracledriver").newinstance(); string constr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe"; connection con=drivermanager.getconnection(constr,"system","1"); stringbuffer sql =new stringbuffer("update science set name='"+scienceproject.getname()+"',workpeople='"+scienceproject.getpeople()+"',manager='"+scienceproject.getleader()+"',timestart='"+scienceproject.gettimestart()+"',timeend='"+scienceproject.gettimefinish()+"' where num="+scienceproject.getnum()+""); statement st=con.createstatement(); st.execute(sql.tostring()); st.close(); con.close(); } catch (exception e) { // todo: handle exception system.out.println("修改異常"); system.out.println(e.tostring()); } } public scienceproject findbynum(int num) { scienceproject scienceproject=new scienceproject(); try { class.forname("oracle.jdbc.driver.oracledriver").newinstance(); string constr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe"; connection con=drivermanager.getconnection(constr,"system","1"); stringbuffer sql=new stringbuffer("select * from science where num="+num+""); statement st=con.createstatement(); resultset rs=st.executequery(sql.tostring()); while(rs.next()) { scienceproject.setnum(rs.getint(1)); scienceproject.setname(rs.getstring(2)); scienceproject.setpeople(rs.getstring(3)); scienceproject.setleader(rs.getstring(4)); scienceproject.settimestart(rs.getstring(5)); scienceproject.settimefinish(rs.getstring(6)); } st.close(); con.close(); } catch (exception e) { // todo: handle exception system.out.println(e.tostring()); } return scienceproject; } public scienceproject look() { scienceproject scienceproject=new scienceproject(); try { class.forname("oracle.jdbc.driver.oracledriver").newinstance(); string constr="jdbc:oracle:thin:@localhost:1521:xe"; connection con=drivermanager.getconnection(constr,"system","1"); stringbuffer sql=new stringbuffer("select *from science"); statement st=con.createstatement(); resultset rs=st.executequery(sql.tostring()); while(rs.next()) { scienceproject.setnum(rs.getint(1)); scienceproject.setname(rs.getstring(2)); scienceproject.setpeople(rs.getstring(3)); scienceproject.setleader(rs.getstring(4)); scienceproject.settimestart(rs.getstring(5)); scienceproject.settimefinish(rs.getstring(6)); } st.close(); con.close(); } catch (exception ex) { // todo: handle exception system.out.println(ex.tostring()); } return scienceproject; } public static void main(string args[]) { }} |
3.4 增刪查改對應處理的源碼
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//處理增加package 科研信息管理系統;import javax.swing.joptionpane;public class dealadd { public dealadd() {} public void add(scienceproject s) { sql sql=new sql(); if(sql.findbynum(s.getnum()).getnum()!=0) { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "該項目已存在，請重新輸入！"); } else { sql.addscienceproject(s); joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null,"增加成功"); } }} |
由設計部分可以看到，刪除時需要先提交項目編號，所以，需要處理提交事件
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//處理提交package 科研信息管理系統;import javax.swing.joptionpane;public class dealsub{ dealsub() {} public void submit(int num) { sql sql =new sql(); if(sql.findbynum(num).getnum()==0) { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "不存在該項目"); } else { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "請在下方填寫修改后的項目信息"); } }}//處理刪除package 科研信息管理系統;import javax.swing.joptionpane;public class dealdelete{ public dealdelete() {} public void delete(int num) { scienceproject s=new scienceproject(); sql sql=new sql(); if(sql.findbynum(num).getnum()==0) { joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "不存在該項目~"); } else { s=sql.findbynum(num); sql.delscienceproject(s); joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null, "刪除成功~"); } }}//處理修改package 科研信息管理系統;import javax.swing.joptionpane;public class dealalter { public dealalter() {} public void alter(scienceproject s) { sql sql=new sql(); sql.updscienceproject(s); joptionpane.showmessagedialog(null,"修改成功"); }}//處理查詢package 科研信息管理系統;public class dealsearch //處理查詢事件{ public dealsearch() {} public string findprobynum(int num)//通過項目編號查詢 { string result=""; scienceproject s=new scienceproject(); sql sql=new sql(); s=sql.findbynum(num); result=s.getnum()+","+s.getname()+","+s.getpeople()+","+s.getleader()+","+s.gettimestart()+","+s.gettimefinish(); return result; }} |
3.5 主函數調用登錄窗口
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package 科研信息管理系統;public class test { public static void main(string[] args) { loginwindows v=new loginwindows(); }} |
四、總結
還是有一些的缺陷存在的，由于對科研項目的不熟悉，有些屬性設計得不合理，還有很多沒有考慮到的地方，另外對gui的不熟悉也限制了我們在窗口上的設計。還需要在項目屬性及窗口等方面進行修改。
以上就是本文的全部內容，希望對大家的學習有所幫助，也希望大家多多支持服務器之家。
原文鏈接：http://blog.csdn.net/pointer_y/article/details/54381545
